# 15. Datasets

A dataset, `scienting-dataset/1`, is a Frictionless Data Package (`datapackage.json` with CSV or Parquet resources) with three additions.

| Addition | Meaning |
| --- | --- |
| Units | Every numeric field has a `unit`, a string Pint can parse, so a checker can test dimensions. |
| Uncertainty | A field may give `uncertainty`: `{field?, kind}`, the field that holds it and its kind, `sd`, `se`, `resolution` or `unknown`. |
| Origin | Each resource has an `origin`, or `origin_field` and `origins` when it varies by row. |

| Origin | Holds |
| --- | --- |
| `reported` | Values anchored to the table cells or sentences that print them, in `anchors.jsonl`. |
| `digitized` | Values read off a figure: the digitization's ID, and `anchors.jsonl` naming each value's series and point. |
| `computed` | A claim's implementation, by claim and pin. |
| `measured` | The team's own data, with its provenance. |

The descriptor also carries `format` and an `id`, `ds-` and a key.
Each line of `anchors.jsonl` names a `resource`, a `row` (by primary key) and a `field`, and either an `anchor` or a `digitization`, `series` and `point`.
A value or row is addressed as `ds-…/<row>/<field>`.

Values keep their digits as printed: CSV cells are never reformatted, and in JSON values are strings, so `1.526` and `1.5260` stay different.
A digitized value never passes as reported, and its uncertainty is at least the resolution of its digitization.

A dataset's content hash is SHA-256 of the canonical JSON of `{"format": "scienting-dataset/1", "files": [[path, sha256, size], …]}` over its files, sorted by path.
A dataset can be a source of kind `dataset`, so a claim can rest on a value read from a figure, with that fact visible in its evidence.
`fixtures/packages/hale2026harmonic/datasets/ds-hale-bond-params` reports Table 1, and the suite checks that every value resolves to the cell that prints it.