paperspec/docs/glossary.md

Glossary

Address

A string naming a node, optionally pinned to a hash and narrowed to a span: key#id@hash6[start:end].

Alias

A legacy ID kept so that old references still lead to the node that now holds their text.

Align key

A hash of a node's lossy projection, used only to propose that two readings hold the same sentence.

Anchor

The stored form of a pinned address, with its quotation and context, that resolves as current, changed below, moved, reattached or stale.

Asset store

Where a team keeps files by SHA-256: witnesses, images, crops and withheld text.

Bundle

One SQLite file with every table and a full-text index, which readers, servers and MCP servers query.

Changed below

The resolution of an anchor on a container that is unchanged in itself while something inside it changed.

Correction

An operation on an established document, with its evidence and author; never edited, only appended.

Document

The text established for one version of one work, as a tree of nodes.

Drift

How much has changed below a container since an anchor on it was made, counted from the corrections.

Exercise

An annotation whose body holds a prompt, an answer key of anchors or a value, and a grading rule.

Fidelity level

How far a leaf's text was checked against its source, from F0 converted to F3 proofread.

Keyed hash

A content value computed as an HMAC under a team key or a key derived from page fingerprints, so a short text cannot be recovered by hashing guesses.

Layer

A named set of annotations with one purpose, audience, visibility and license.

Leaf

A node that holds text itself: a sentence, cell, reference, author line, keyword line, equation, equation line, code or algorithm.

Lossy projection

A node's text with scripts flattened, citation marks, whitespace and dashes removed, and case folded; used for proposing alignments.

Match hash

A hash of a node's strict projection; equal match hashes are what corroboration requires.

Node

An addressable part of a document: a section, paragraph, sentence, figure, panel, caption, table, row, cell, equation, footnote, reference and the rest.

Own hash

A hash of a node's own content without its children, used to judge anchors on containers.

Package

A document as a folder of canonical JSON files with a manifest whose hash pins them all.

Page fingerprint

A hash of a page's size, its text with download stamps removed, and its images, so that differently stamped downloads share their pages.

Plain projection

A node's text as one string, on which offsets, quotations and text hashes are defined.

Policy

A project owner's signed decision that settles rights a record leaves unknown.

Project

A team's curated set of documents, with its members, layers, data, reading paths and drafts.

Receipt

One signature over a Merkle root of what a person reviewed in a sitting, which sets the level of what it lists.

Revision

The index of the last correction applied to a document; anchors and receipts record it.

Revocation

A signed record that withdraws a receipt, or every receipt by one signer in a period.

Rights record

A witness's license, the basis on which the team holds it, and the uses that basis allows.

Roster

The list of keys that may sign, with their owners and purposes.

Spot-check

A second reviewer's check of a sample of a receipt's nodes, drawn from a seed nobody can steer.

Stamp rule

A pattern that recognizes a publisher's download stamp in a page's text, so that fingerprints ignore it.

Strict projection

A node's text with notation folded to one canonical form and structure kept; used for certifying agreement.

Suspect

A doubtful reading raised for a person or a review session to answer.

Targeted F3

Proofreading the nodes a team's claims, quotations and datasets rest on, rather than every node.

Text policy

Whether a package carries its text (full) or withholds it (checks-only).

Verdict

A judgment of whether a cited passage supports a citing sentence: supports, partly, does not, or cannot tell.

Version

One expression of a work: a preprint, the version of record, an erratum, the Supporting Information.

Witness

One file of one version of a work, identified by its SHA-256.

Work

A piece of scholarship across all its versions.