- Rename manuspec to paperspec everywhere outside pixi.toml: prose, the tools, provenance tool names and the fixture key derivations, so every fixture and vector is rebuilt. - Move the namespace addresses under the site, mirroring the repository: schema $id https://paperspec.scient.ing/schemas/<file>, the JSON-LD context https://paperspec.scient.ing/context/scienting-1.jsonld, and term IRIs https://paperspec.scient.ing/vocab#<term>. Format identifiers (scienting-*) and URNs (urn:scienting:) are unchanged. - tools/site.py (standard library only) builds _site/: every file of the repository at its own path, each Markdown file rendered as a page with sidebar navigation, heading anchors matching the forge's, folder listings, a vocabulary page for the context's IRIs, a heading search and a 404 page; light and dark themes. - check.py builds the site and checks that every Markdown file has a page, every internal link and fragment resolves, no Markdown is left unrendered, and every $id, the context address and the vocabulary IRIs are files of the site. - deploy/: a Caddyfile with the media types and CORS the data needs, and a guide; .gitea/workflows/site.yml builds on main and publishes with rsync when the SITE_* secrets are set. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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The paperspec specification
This specification states exactly what each paperspec file holds and how every value in it is computed. The schemas, SQL, JSON-LD context, registries, vectors and fixtures are normative too, and each chapter says which of them it relies on. A chapter and a vector that disagree signal a bug, so please report it in the repository, https://git.scient.ing/infra/paperspec.
Two readers will get the most from it: implementers who build a reader, writer, converter or checker, and experts who want the precise rules. Newcomers should start with the guides, which explain what the formats are for. This text assumes you know why and tells you how.
Reading paths
Find the row for the job you are doing and read its chapters after those in the first row. Chapter numbers are those in the table below.
| If you are writing | Read |
|---|---|
| Anything at all | 0, 1, 3, 4 and 5: introduction, conventions, nodes, identity and the content values. |
| A reader of packages | Then 2, 6, 7 and 12: the model, anchors, geometry and the package. |
| A converter | Then 9, 10 and 11: figures and tables, references, and corrections with the gate. |
| A store or a server | Then 8, 13 and 14: receipts, the database form, and rights. |
| A writer or reader of annotation, teaching or data files | Then 15 to 21. |
| A validator | Chapter 22, with registry/rules.json. |
Chapters
| Chapter | Subject |
|---|---|
| 0. Introduction | Scope, conformance, versions and status, and how the repository is arranged |
| 1. Shared conventions | Canonical JSON, numbers, hashes, normalization, offsets, times, determinism, IDs, keys, files and prose |
| 2. Works, versions, witnesses and documents | The four objects; document.json and witnesses.json |
| 3. Nodes | Nodes, their kinds and children, content, attributes, inline runs and the plain projection |
| 4. Identity | Minting IDs, permanence, retirement, aliases, ids.jsonl, store-qualified names and record IDs |
| 5. Content values | The five content values, the projections, alignment, suspects, keyed hashes and the metadata hash |
| 6. Addresses and anchors | Addresses, anchors and the five resolutions, with drift |
| 7. Geometry | Page fingerprints, stamp rules, pages.jsonl and locations.jsonl |
| 8. Fidelity, receipts and spot-checks | Fidelity levels, receipts, signatures, Merkle roots, the roster, revocations, spot-checks and error bounds |
| 9. Figures, tables and equations | Figures, panels, tables, cells and equations |
| 10. References and citations | Reference nodes, references.jsonl and its resolutions, and sentence-level citations |
| 11. Corrections | Corrections and the gate |
| 12. The package | The files of a package, paths, manifest, provenance, text policies and assets |
| 13. The database form and the bundle | The database form and the SQLite bundle |
| 14. Rights | Rights records, policies, stages and backends |
| 15. Datasets | Frictionless Data Packages with units, uncertainty and origin; anchors.jsonl; content hash |
| 16. Digitization records | How values were read off a figure panel: target, axes, series, method, verification and confirmation |
| 17. Views | Vega-Lite specifications that pin their data, and optional computations |
| 18. Layers and annotations | Layers and annotations |
| 19. Exercises, submissions and grades | Exercises, submissions and grades |
| 20. Projects | Members and roles, documents, reading paths, held layers, datasets, views and drafts, and settings |
| 21. Drafts | Drafts: snapshots and sentence-ID sidecars |
| 22. Conformance | Conformance, the suite and the rule catalog |